16 Oz of Ground Beef Cooked Nutrition Info
From offscreen friendships and jarring pay inequality to the special effects and makeup tricks that brought some of the world's favorite moving picture characters to life, The Wizard of Oz (1939) had so much going on behind the emerald curtain and the Technicolor gloss of an astonishing fantasy world.
In honor of the 80th anniversary of the film, follow the yellowish brick slideshow to peek backside that curtain and learn more about the secrets and fun facts that brand the beloved motion picture a timeless classic.
Margaret Hamilton Was a Fan Earlier the Film
As a self-proclaimed lifelong fan of 50. Frank Baum'due south Oz series, Margaret Hamilton was thrilled to exist considered for a function in the 1939 flick accommodation. Hamilton called her agent to ask which grapheme the producers wanted her to play, and her agent famously said, "The witch — who else?"
Hamilton, a single female parent, fought MGM for an agreed upon corporeality of guaranteed work time. Three days earlier filming began, the studio agreed to a five-week deal. In the end, Hamilton was on set for three months, but many of her scenes were cut for being too scary for audiences.
Dorothy's Original Look Was More than Movie Star Than Subcontract Daughter
Sure, Dorothy Gale doesn't demand prosthetics or aluminum makeup, only that doesn't hateful Judy Garland wasn't put through the costume department wringer. Although she was young at the fourth dimension, the sixteen-year-old Garland had to article of clothing a corset-similar device so she looked more like a preadolescent child.
Director Richard Thorpe suggested Garland wear a blonde wig and loads of "babe-doll" makeup (as any preadolescent daughter would…). Luckily, that vision of the grapheme changed. Afterward MGM fired Thorpe, the intermediate managing director George Cukor nixed the heavy makeup and wig. Instead, he told Garland to be herself. Smart move.
The "Skywriting" Scene Employed Some Great Movie Magic
The Sorcerer of Oz employs a lot of great film tricks, and some of the most unique were used in the skywriting scene. In it, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) flies above the Emerald City, leaving the phrase "Give up Dorothy" in her wake in black fume.
Using a hypodermic needle, the special furnishings team spread black ink across the bottom of a drinking glass tank that was filled with a thick, tinted liquid (some speculate milk). They wrote the phrase in contrary and filmed the scene from beneath. Initially, the skywriting ended with the ominous "Or Die — W W Due west."
The "Snow" in the Poppy Field Was Actually Dangerous
Ane of the Wicked Witch'due south concluding-ditch efforts to impede Dorothy'due south quest to encounter the Wonderful Wizard of Oz involves a poppy field and some magical slumber-inducing snow. While many like to joke that the poppies and their drowsiness are the result of opium (a component of poppies), the scene has a much more blatant toxic connection than that.
All that magical snow? Information technology'due south actually 100% industrial-grade chrysotile asbestos. Fifty-fifty though the health risks associated with the textile were known at the time, information technology was still Hollywood'southward preferred pick for faux snowfall. Our advice to Dorothy? Don't catch any snowflakes on your tongue.
Scarecrow's Makeup Stuck Around for Awhile
In the end, Ray Bolger (Scarecrow) was probably grateful in more ways than one for Buddy Ebsen (the original Tin Homo'southward) willingness to trade parts with him. The Tin Man's aluminum makeup acquired a huge corporeality of issues for Ebsen, who was replaced past Jack Haley.
Although Bolger'due south makeup feel was better than Ebsen's, he however had some issues. The Scarecrow's makeup consisted of a rubber prosthetic, complete with a woven pattern that mimicked the look of burlap. Later the moving-picture show wrapped, the prosthetic left patterns on Bolger's face that took more a year to fade.
Margaret Hamilton Was Burned On Set up
In a burst of flames and blood-red smoke, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) vanishes from Munchkinland. Although the scene is terrifying for viewers, it may take instilled more than fear for Hamilton. On the outset accept, the smoke rose from a hidden trapdoor too early on.
For the 2nd have, Hamilton stood on the trapdoor every bit planned, but her cape snagged on the platform when the burn flared upwards. Her copper-containing makeup heated up instantly, causing 2d- and 3rd-caste burns on her hands and face. To make matters worse, the crew tried to remedy her burns with (an even more than painful) acetone solvent.
The Flight Monkeys Became Falling Monkeys
The Wicked Witch's legion of flight monkeys — or Winged Monkeys as they're called in the source textile — have certainly been a source of terror for generations. Almost as scary equally the Witch herself, these henchmen soar onto the scene to kidnap Dorothy and Toto — thank you to the magic of piano wires.
However, the aerial stunt went awry when several of the piano wires snapped, sending actors plummeting a few feet to the soundstage flooring. To create such a vast troupe of monkeys (and cut down on human marionettes), filmmakers made miniature prophylactic monkeys to assist populate the sky.
"Over the Rainbow" Was Most on the Cutting Room Floor
To no one's surprise, the American Film Plant ranked "Over the Rainbow" #1 on a list of 100 Greatest Songs in American Films. But what may surprise you? The (arguably) nearly iconic song of Judy Garland'south career was nearly cut from the motion picture.
Studio execs at MGM idea the song made the Kansas scenes also long. Moreover, filmmakers were concerned that children wouldn't understand the song'south meaning. Luckily, this unfounded concern melted like lemon drops. Unfortunately, Garland's tearful reprise of the song was left on the cutting room floor.
The Tin Human being Costume Didn't Allow Jack Haley to Rest Easy
Although Bert Lahr had to schlep around in a 90-pound king of beasts costume, Jack Haley didn't take it easy either. From the lingering concerns about the aluminum paste-based makeup on his face and hands to the minimal flexibility of the "tin can" torso and arms, Haley faced some challenges.
Reportedly, his costume was and then stiff that he had to lean confronting a board to balance properly. Many years later, actor Anthony Daniels, known for playing the protocol droid C-3PO in the Star Wars films, had the same effect with his rigid costume. It seems fifty-fifty fantasy and sci-fi can't help folks escape all their problems.
The Original Tin Human Was Rushed to the Hospital
Initially, Buddy Ebsen was cast as the Scarecrow, merely traded parts with Ray Bolger. Nevertheless, Ebsen's new character, the Tin Human, caused him a world of bug. Namely, the graphic symbol's silver makeup contained a harmful aluminum grit that coated Ebsen'due south lungs.
To brand matters worse, Ebsen had an allergic reaction, and, unable to breathe, he was rushed to the hospital. MGM recast the role with Jack Haley (and changed upward the makeup), just didn't explain why Ebsen "dropped out." Although Ebsen didn't appear in the concluding flick, his vocals tin be heard in "We're Off to See the Sorcerer."
A Stocking & Some Miniatures Gave Us the Tornado
The tornado that strikes the Gale homestead is total of practical special effects that really concur upward. The funnel itself was actually a 35-foot long stocking made of muslin. The special effects squad spun it around miniatures that resembled the farms and fields of Kansas. Against the painted backdrop, the tornado looks menacing.
The Gale business firm, which falls from the sky and into Oz, is just a miniature house that was dropped onto a sky painting. Filmmakers and so reversed the footage to make it look like the house was falling out of the clouds.
Hollywood Didn't Pay Upward And so Either
Pay inequality has ever been an issue in Hollywood. For example, Adriana Caselotti, voice of the titular character in Walt Disney's Snow White and the Vii Dwarfs (1937), fabricated $970 for her performance. The motion-picture show went on to make roughly $viii million.
Co-ordinate to the Los Angeles Times, Judy Garland'southward pay was better than Caselotti's — playing Dorothy earned her $500 a week — but it still didn't reflect the film's success. Even more discouraging, the folks who portrayed the citizens of Munchkinland were paid a mere $50 per week. (Meanwhile, Terry the dog earned $125 per week as Toto. A real yikes.)
Bert Lahr'southward Lion Costume Was Taxing
Originally, MGM thought it might cast its mascot — the actual lion used in the studio's title carte du jour — as the cowardly graphic symbol. Fortunately, for the safety of the actors and the animate being, the filmmakers decided to cast actor Bert Lahr every bit the anthropomorphic character instead.
To brand a convincing animal, the costume department fashioned Lahr a xc-pound outfit made from real lion skin. Notwithstanding, the arc lights used on ready made things a steamy 100 degrees during filming, which meant Lahr did a lot of sweating unrelated to his grapheme's nerves. Each nighttime, two stagehands dried the costume for the next day.
The Initial Box Function Returns Were Uneven
The motion-picture show started shooting in October of 1938 but didn't wrap until March of 1939, racking upward an unheard of $2,777,000 in costs. That'due south most $50 one thousand thousand adjusted for inflation. Upon its initial release, the movie only earned $iii 1000000 at the box role — about $51.viii million past today'due south standards.
Although that seems impressive for a Depression-era pic, remember that Disney made $viii million with Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). The Wizard of Oz'southward pocket-size success in the U.South. barely covered production and movie rights' costs — MGM paid $75,000 to the publisher for those — merely success overseas fortunately bolstered the film's returns.
The Nighttime Side of Oz in a Time Before "Me As well"
Judy Garland was merely 16 years old when she was cast equally Dorothy. Insecure and lonesome, she became fond to amphetamines and barbiturates, which were oft given to young actors to assistance them sleep later studios shot them up with adrenaline then they could piece of work long hours.
The spotlight — and her damaging contract with MGM — didn't aid, leading to her lifelong struggles with an eating disorder and alcoholism. According to a writer for Express, "[Garland] was molested past older men, including studio chiefs [and head Louis B. Mayer], who considered her piddling more than their 'property.'" Moreover, MGM forced Garland to stick to a wildly unhealthy diet of cigarettes, java and chicken soup.
The Vox of Snow White Had a Cameo
A few years before The Sorcerer of Oz debuted, Walt Disney'due south feature-length animated film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) became a smash-hit. Not only did the film revolutionize the animation industry, it besides reinvigorated the fantasy genre.
Disney wanted to follow up Snowfall White — then the most successful film of all time — with an accommodation of The Wizard of Oz, merely MGM endemic the rights. By happenstance, Adriana Caselotti, who voiced Snow White, had an uncredited role in Oz. During the Can Human being's "If I Only Had a Heart," Caselotti speaks her sole line, "Wherefore art yard Romeo?"
The Ruby Slippers Are Props & Treasured Artifacts
Keeping in line with the volume, Dorothy's iconic footwear was originally silver, just screenwriter Noel Langley felt the red colour would actually popular in glorious Technicolor. Designed by MGM's chief costume designer Gilbert Adrian, the shoes are each covered in well-nigh ii,300 sequins.
One of the remaining pairs is on view in the Smithsonian Institution'south National Museum of American History. Since the brandish is so heavily trafficked, the museum has replaced the carpet in that location several times. Another pair were stolen from Minnesota's Judy Garland Museum in 2005, only the FBI recovered the slippers for the establishment in 2018.
Only One Sequence Was Filmed "On Location"
The Magician of Oz is your classic adventure story, and Dorothy's quest leads her from a Kansas farm to some other world — consummate with corn fields, poppy-filled meadows and forests. However, despite all these scenic locations, nearly all the scenes were shot on a soundstage.
As was customary at the time, immense, detailed backdrops were painted by studio artists, making it possible for filmmakers to send audiences to far away places without filming on location. In fact, the but location footage in the pic is the opening title sequence — those clouds are 100% the real deal.
A Second Toto Was Brought In
Toto, played primarily by Terry, is i of the most beloved dogs in film history. Terry was famously non a huge fan of special effects and can often be seen running out of a shot when something loud or alarming happens — similar when the Tin Man spouts out all of that steam.
After one of the Witch'due south guards accidentally stepped on her, Terry was on bedrest for two weeks. Filmmakers went through two doubles to notice one that resembled the original canine actor more closely.
Fun fact: Judy Garland was then addicted of Terry that she wanted to adopt the dog.
Margaret Hamilton "Mourns the Wicked" Witch
In add-on to being a huge fan of the Oz books, Margaret Hamilton also believed her grapheme was more than just your run-of-the-mill evil villain. More than 35 years after the motion picture debuted, Hamilton, donning her Witch's costume to prove kids it was make-believe, appeared on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, where Fred Rogers interviewed her about the character.
Co-ordinate to Hamilton, the so-called Wicked Witch relished everything she did, but she was too a sad, lonely figure. In curt, things never went well for the frustrated Witch. Oddly enough, the Broadway musical Wicked likewise takes this approach to the Witch's character.
The "Horse of a Different Colour" Was Made Possible Thanks to a Food Product
In 1939, audiences were just as amazed as Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin Man and the Cowardly Lion when the equus caballus in Emerald City took on a rainbow of colors. This "horse of a different color" was made possible thank you to a surprising food item…
Jell-O crystals were used to color the horses, which meant filmmakers had to move quickly — the animals were eager to lick up the sweet care for. But the colorful steed isn't the only interesting component in this fan-favorite scene. The horse-fatigued carriage was once endemic past President Abraham Lincoln and now resides at the Judy Garland Museum.
The Makeup Department Hired on Extra Hands
From the citizens of Munchkinland and Emerald Metropolis to the Witch's flying monkeys, so many actors had to undergo a makeup transformation in guild to give life to this fantasy film. To continue up with the daily demands, MGM called upon workers from the studio mailroom and courier service to manage makeup stations.
Since most of the Ozian ensemble required prosthetics, makeup artists — and "makeshift" artists — formed a kind of costuming assembly line. Most actors had to arrive before 5:00 in the morning — 6 days a calendar week! — to brainstorm the intensive process.
Memorable (& Frequently Misquoted) Lines Fill up the Pic
The moving-picture show is chock-full of iconic, memorable songs, and it has the great fortune of being responsible for some of the most quoted lines in movie history besides. In 2007, Premiere compiled a list of "The 100 Greatest Motion-picture show Lines" and placed a whopping three of the movie'southward lines on the listing.
"Pay no attending to that man behind the drapery" was voted #24, while "There's no place like home" nabbed the 11th spot. Finally, the often misquoted "Toto, I have a feeling we're not in Kansas anymore" landed in the 62nd spot.
The Witch's Fire Employed Some Technical Wizardry (& Juice)
Clearly, the technical wizardry — or witchcraft — in the movie is incredible. Like the "horse of a dissimilar color" sequence, some other iconic, special effects-heavy scene harnessed the power of everyday household items to pull off fun tricks.
Shortly after Dorothy arrives in Munchkinland, the Wicked Witch tries to snatch the red slippers from the immature girl's feet. However, fire strikes the Witch'south hands, repelling her. This "burn" is actually apple juice spouting from the slippers in a sped-up prune to brand information technology look more flame-similar.
Technicolor Required Some Ingenuity in the Props Section
Experimenting with Technicolor was office fun and part problem-solving for filmmakers. In order to properly capture scenes with the Technicolor camera, the soundstage needed to be lit with arc lights, which often heated the ready upwardly to a toasty 100 degrees.
After the lights were set up, the experts experimented with what would look all-time on flick, particularly in colorized grade. For example, the white part of Dorothy'south dress is actually pink — simply because it filmed better. And the oil the Tin can Homo is so excited about? It'due south really chocolate syrup.
The Wicked Witch of the Eastward Makes More Than One Advent
Part of the Wicked Witch of the West's beef with Dorothy is that the young daughter dropped a house on her sis, the Wicked Witch of the East, who was the short-lived possessor of the ruby slippers. Although Margaret Hamilton already plays both the Wicked Witch of the Due west and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, she besides plays the Wicked Witch of the East — if simply briefly.
During the tornado sequence, an addled Dorothy looks out her bedroom window and watches Gulch transform into a witch, her shoes shimmering. For fans, this glint indicates the witch outside the window is wearing the cherry slippers. The restored version of the film makes that shimmer even more than noticeable.
The Film's Running Time Was Cut Down Several Times
The first cutting of the film clocked in at a running fourth dimension of 120 minutes. Although that seems like nothing by today's Marvel motion-picture show standards, producer Mervyn LeRoy felt it was long and unwieldy and wanted to chop off 20 minutes.
Later on cut the famed "Jitterbug" number (top right) and an extended Scarecrow dance sequence, the film was 112 minutes long. LeRoy held a second preview screening, and, subsequently, nixed Dorothy'south "Over the Rainbow" reprise, an Emerald City reprise of "Ding! Dong! The Witch Is Dead," a scene where the Tin can Man becomes a human beehive (Yikes!) and a few Kansas sequences.
So Much for a "Wicked" Witch
Filmmakers deemed Margaret Hamilton's Wicked Witch of the West operation too frightening for audiences and cut or trimmed many of her scenes. Just non anybody thought her operation was terrifying — namely Judy Garland, who played the Wicked Witch's nemesis, Dorothy Gale.
Off-screen, the film's starring foes were actually friends. One story that emerged from the set described Garland excitedly showing off a dress to Hamilton, declaring she was going to article of clothing it for her graduation. Unfortunately, MGM'due south Louis B. Mayer sent Garland on a press bout the twenty-four hour period of her graduation. Upset, Hamilton phoned Mayer and chewed him out.
Giving Credit to Technicolor
In the opening credits, the text reads "Photographed in Technicolor," every bit opposed to the more than apt "Color Sequences by Technicolor." The phrasing of the credits makes information technology seem every bit though the entire motion picture was shot in color. Was this done deliberately, or was it a pocket-size syntactical faux pas?
It'southward widely believed this was a fleck of a stunt done to raise the surprise of the flick turning into full three-strip Technicolor when Dorothy arrives in Oz. Posters made at the fourth dimension of the film's debut fabricated no mention of sepia tint (or "blackness-and-white"), adding credence to this theory.
One of History's Nearly-Watched Films
Although The Sorcerer of Oz proved popular in theaters, another pic released the same yr, also directed by Victor Fleming, actually topped the box office. (You may have heard of that lilliputian movie — it's called Gone with the Air current.) Nonetheless, MGM'due south musical fantasy may accept more staying power than other films of the era, thanks in part to re-releases.
The film was first broadcast on television on November 3, 1956, and garnered an impressive 44 million viewers. It'south believed that The Wizard of Oz is one of the ten almost-watched feature-length movies in film history, largely due to the number of annual television screenings, theater viewings and various format re-releases.
Source: https://www.ask.com/tvmovies/wizard-of-oz-facts?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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