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American corporation

Crayola LLC

Formerly	Binney & Smith Company (1885–2007)
Type	Subsidiary
Industry	Art materials
Founded	July 25, 1885; 136 years ago  (1885-07-25)
Founder	Edwin Binney and C. Harold Smith
Headquarters	Forks Township, Pennsylvania , U.S.
Number of locations	11
Area served	Worldwide
Central people	Smith Holland (President and CEO) Steve Hoff (Executive Vice President & COO) Peter Ruggiero (Executive Vice President, Operations) [i]
Products	Crayons, chalks, acrylics, watercolor, brushes, colored pencils, markers, modelling clay
Brands	Crayola Silly Putty Portfolio Series
Number of employees	2,000 (2018)[two]
Parent	Hallmark Cards
Website	crayola.com

Crayola LLC, formerly the Binney & Smith Company, is an American manufacturing visitor, specializing in art supplies. It is known for its make Crayola and all-time known for its crayons. The visitor is based in Forks Township, Pennsylvania in the Lehigh Valley region of the land. Since 1984, Crayola has been a wholly owned subsidiary of Hallmark Cards.^[3]

Originally an industrial pigment supply company, Crayola before long shifted its focus to art products for home and school use, beginning with chalk, so crayons, followed afterward by colored pencils, markers, paints, modeling dirt, and other related goods. All Crayola-branded products are marketed as nontoxic and safe for utilize past children. Most Crayola crayons are manufactured in the United States.^[4]

Crayola also produces Featherbrained Putty and a line of professional art products under the 'Portfolio Serial brand', including acrylics, watercolor, tempera, and brushes.

Crayola, LLC claims the Crayola make has 99% name recognition in U.South. consumer households, and says its products are marketed and sold in over 80 countries.^[5]

History [edit]

The company was founded equally Binney & Smith Company by cousins Edwin Binney and Charles Harold Smith^[6] in New York Metropolis in 1885. Initial products were colorants for industrial use, including scarlet iron oxide pigments used in barn pigment and carbon black chemicals used for making tires blackness and extending their useful lifespan.^[7] Binney & Smith's new process of creating inexpensive blackness colorants was entered into the chemistry industries competition at the 1900 Paris Exposition nether the championship "carbon gas blacks, lamp or oil blacks, 'Peerless' black" and earned the company a gold medal honor in chemical and pharmaceutical arts.^{[eight] [nine]} Also in 1900, the company added production of slate schoolhouse pencils. Binney'southward experimentation with industrial materials, including slate waste matter, cement, and talc, led to the invention of the first dustless white chalk, for which the company won a aureate medal at the 1904 St. Louis World'southward Fair.^[ix]

Initially formed as a partnership, Binney & Smith incorporated in 1902, and in that year Binney & Smith developed and introduced the Staonal marking crayon. Then Edwin Binney, working with his married woman, Alice Stead Binney, adult his own famous product line of wax crayons first on June 10, 1903,^[ten] which it sold under the make name Crayola. The Crayola name was coined by Alice Binney who was a sometime schoolteacher. It comes from craie (French for "chalk") and ola for "oleaginous" or "oily."^{[9] [11]} The suffix "-ola" was too pop in commercial use at the fourth dimension, lending itself to products such as granola (1886),^[12] pianola (1901),^[13] Victrola (1905),^[fourteen] Shinola (1907),^[15] and Mazola (1911).^[xvi] Crayola introduced its crayons not with one box, but with a total product line. By 1905, the line had expanded to offering 18 unlike-sized crayon boxes^[17] with five unlike-sized crayons, only two of which survive today—the "standard size" (a standard sized Crayola crayon is 3+ 5⁄viii  in × v⁄16  in (92.i mm × vii.9 mm)) and the "large size" (big sized Crayola crayons are 4 in × 7⁄sixteen  in (102 mm × eleven mm)). The product line offered crayon boxes containing vi, 7, 8, 12, 14, 16, 18, 24, 28, or 30 different color crayons. Some of these boxes were targeted for artists and independent crayons with no wrappers, while others had a color number printed on the wrapper that corresponded to a number on a list of color names printed within the box lid, but some boxes contained crayons with their colour names printed on their wrappers.

The Rubens Crayola line, started in 1903,^[18] was directly targeted at artists and designed to compete with the Raphael brand of crayons from Europe. The crayon boxes sold from five cents for a No.6 Rubens box containing half-dozen unlike-colored crayons to $ane.50 for the No. 500 Rubens Special Artists and Designers Crayon box containing 24 different-colored, larger (4+ 1⁄4  in × 1⁄2  in (108 mm × 13 mm)) crayons.^[xix]

Rubens No. 500 box, c. 1904–12

Original Munsell crayons box

The first two Gold Medal line 8-count boxes

No. 52 box (c. 1939–44)

In April 1904 at the St. Louis World'south Fair, Binney & Smith won the Gilded Medal for their An-Du-Septic dustless chalk.^[twenty] Subsequently, Crayola used the opportunity to develop a new packaging strategy by emphasizing their gilded medal on the front end of many of their products and crayon boxes. This strategy turned out to be so successful and recognizable to their brand that they phased out about all of their other Crayola line box designs to accommodate to the gilt medal format, which appeared on their packaging for the side by side 50-plus years.

In 1905, the prototype offer of their new No. 8 crayon box (with eight crayons) featured a copy from the side of the medal with an eagle on it. This was changed to the other side of the medal with the 1904 date on it in Roman numerals.

Binney & Smith purchased the Munsell Color Company crayon product line in 1926, and inherited 22 new colors, eleven in the maximum and 11 in the middle hue ranges.^{[21] [22]} They retained the Munsell name on products such as "Munsell-Crayola" and "Munsell-Perma" until 1934, and and then incorporated their colors into their own Crayola Aureate Medal line of boxes.^[23]

In 1939, Crayola, by combining its existing crayon colors with the Munsell colors, introduced its largest color assortment product to date; a "No. 52 Drawing Crayon 52 Color Assortment", which was retired past the 1944 price list.

In 1949, Crayola introduced the "Crayola No. 48" containing 48 color crayons in a non-hangable floor box.

Further expansion took identify in 1958 with the introduction of the 64-colour pack that included the company'south first crayon sharpener congenital into the box.^[24] The 64-color box was called "a watershed" moment in the history of the Crayola crayon by Smithsonian National Museum of American History curator David Shayt.^{[25] [26]}

The corporation became a publicly traded company under the symbol BYS on the American Stock Commutation in 1963, and afterward moved to the New York Stock Commutation under the same symbol in 1978.^[vii]

In 1977, Binney & Smith acquired the rights to Silly Putty, a stretchy, bouncy silicon rubber compound.^[27] Crayola markers were introduced in 1978 to coincide with the 75th anniversary of Crayola crayons. In 1984, the visitor was caused by Hallmark Cards, a privately held corporation. Colored pencils and a line of washable markers were added in 1987.^[7]

In August 1997, Crayola collaborated with Brotherhood Atlantis and the entertainment arm of Authentication Cards to release three direct-to-video adaptations of famous children's novels under the name Crayola Kids Adventures.

Crayola Crayons were inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame at The Strong in Rochester, New York, in 1998. On January i, 2007, Binney & Smith reorganized as Crayola LLC, to reverberate the company's number one brand.^{[one] [five]}

In 2011, My First Crayola was launched. Products include triangular crayons and flat-tipped markers.

In 2015, Crayola appear "Color Escapes" for adults to help them relieve stress. The kit includes four collections, such as geometric, garden, natural, and kaleidoscope.^[28]

Crayons [edit]

Outset version of the Crayola No. 64 box

64-crayon pack sporting congenital-in sharpener

Crayola telescoping 150 crayon belfry

Crayola crayon packs vary in bundle counts of just a few crayons sold to establishments such as hotels and restaurants, to manus out to their young guests,^[29] to 832-crayon "Classpack" bulk boxes marketed to schools.^[30] The colors contained in a parcel have ranged from two to 200 (although a 200-color package includes "special effect" crayons such as glitters, neons, etc.).

The about mutual retail packages are multiples of 8, with 4, eight, 16, 24, 48, 64, 96, and 120 packs being marketed today.^{[31] [32] [33]} A 150-crayon pack featuring a plastic telescope-similar case was introduced in 2006, and includes 118 regular color crayons, 16 glitter crayons, and xvi "Metal FX" crayons, besides as a built-in sharpener at the apex of the tower.^[34] This was succeeded by a 152-crayon set in a plastic yellow carrying case in 2013, with all the colors from the 150-crayon set up plus the standard colors Piggy Pink and Blue Bell.

Colors [edit]

Every bit the size of Crayola crayon packs increased from the original 1903 crayon packs, the variety of colors available has too increased—reaching 120 colors by 1998. Since 1998, new colors have been added, simply always replacing existing colors. In all, 50 colors take been retired, bringing the total number of regular colors produced to 170. On March 31, 2017, Crayola announced that Dandelion would be retired. On September fourteen, 2017, the replacement color "Bluetiful" was announced.^[35] The colour is reportedly a new hue realized later on experiments done at Oregon State University. It was discovered while scientists were experimenting with electronics.^[36]

According to Crayola, they currently manufacture 120 standard crayon colors which are all included in the regular 120-count box.^[37] This does non include specialty crayons similar the Metallic FX, Gel FX and the glitter crayons, but does include fluorescent crayons.

Colors chart [edit]

The colors in the box below come in the packs of viii, 16, and 24:

Thirteen of l officially retired Crayola crayon colors

8 pack (as of 1903)		+8 = sixteen pack (as of 1930)		+8 = 24 pack (until October 2017)
Red	Orangish	Carnation Pink	Blood-red Orange	Violet Blood-red	Scarlet
Yellow	Green	Yellow Orange	Yellow Green	Light-green Yellow	Cerulean
Blue	Violet (Purple)	Blue Greenish	Blue Violet	Dandelion	Indigo
Brown	Black	Red Violet	White	Apricot	Grayness

In 2020, Crayola introduced a new line of 24 colors named "Colors of the World" to reflect nearly forty pare tones of people around the world. The box of these crayons will include a gradient pare tone label, and for the start time color names will be written in French, English, and Spanish.^[38]

Cultural touch [edit]

The Smithsonian National Museum of American History maintains a collection of Crayola crayons founded by an original 64-color box donated by Binney & Smith in 1998. The collection now includes more than than 300 boxes of crayons.^[25]

The Crayola crayon was inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame as a founding member at its inception.

Crayola has been featured in segments from the popular children'due south shows Sesame Street ^[39] and Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, with the official 100 billionth crayon molded by Fred Rogers himself in February 1996 at the plant in Easton.^[40]

Commemorative stamp postage stamp [edit]

1998 USPS stamp commemorating Crayola crayons

In 1998, the United States Postal service issued a 32-cent stamp postage stamp to commemorate the cultural impact the production has had on almost all Americans.^[41]

The postage is role of the 1900s decade sheet of the Gloat the Century souvenir sheet series, and was designed by Carl Herrman, illustrated by Richard Waldrep and printed past Ashton-Potter USA using the start/intaglio process.^[42]

Crayola color census 2000 [edit]

In 2000, Crayola held the "Crayola Color Census 2000" promotion in which Americans were asked to vote for their favorite Crayola crayon color. Glory entrants George West. Bush-league chose "Blue Bong", Tiger Forest chose "Wild Strawberry", and Courteney Cox chose "Red".^[43] Overall, "Blue" came in first, with "Cerulean" second, and "Majestic Eye" third.^[44]

Crayola Experience [edit]

(Left): Crayola Experience in downtown Easton, Pennsylvania; (right): The Earth'due south Largest Crayon" was made from 123,000 used or broken blue crayons donated by people from around the world. This became the tape holder until 2017, when Crayola made a larger crayon using the new colour "bluetiful".^[45]

Originally opening equally the Crayola Factory, the Crayola Experience is located at 30 Center Square, Easton, Pennsylvania at Two Rivers Landing. Open to the public, the Crayola Experience is a roomy, crayon-centric warehouse including events, a cafe, a store, attractions, some familiarizing guests, and Crayola'southward history with products.^[46]

A "discovery center" was built that showcases the manufacturing process of crayons. There is besides a "Crayola Hall of Fame" in which the retired crayon colors are displayed.^[47]

The Crayola Experience was featured in a Food Network episode of Dinner: Impossible. A dinner was held for 150 employees of the Crayola Experience to gloat the 50th anniversary of the 64-box of crayons. Chef Michael Symon's mission was to create an eight-course tasting carte for this event, where all eight items of the menu had to match eight randomly chosen Crayola crayon colors.^[48]

On October 11, 2003, the Experience unveiled "The Earth's Largest Crayon", a 15-foot-long crayon weighing 1,500 lb, as part of its celebration of 100 years of Crayola crayons. The giant crayon, 16 inches in diameter, is blue, and was made of leftover crayon $.25 sent in by children across the United states of america.^[49]

It opened its first location in Two Rivers Landing, in Easton, Pennsylvania, in May 2013, its 2d location in The Florida Mall, Orlando, Florida, in June 2015, its 3rd location in Mall of America, Bloomington, Minnesota, in February 2016, its quaternary location in The Shops at Willow Curve, Plano, Texas, in March 2018, and its latest location in Chandler Fashion Eye, Chandler, Arizona, in May 2019.

Fine art [edit]

Although marketed to children and amateur artists, several professional artists have specialized in using Crayola crayons as their primary medium. Don Marco, who works with Crayola crayons and construction paper, is one of the better known crayon artists—having sold over one 1000000 prints of his original artworks.^[50]

Other products [edit]

A selection of Crayola products for sale at a New York art supply store

Crayola LLC produces a broad range of products other than their famous crayons under the Crayola brand proper noun. These include colored pencils, markers, inks and paints, modeling clays, coloring books, and artists' tools. As with all Crayola products, these are all marketed every bit not-toxic and rubber for use past children.^[51]

Other brands [edit]

Silly Putty [edit]

Silly Putty is a silicone polymer children'south toy used for various purposes. Silly Putty was inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame in 2001.

Portfolio Series [edit]

The Portfolio Series is a line of water-soluble oil pastels, watercolors, cartoon pencils, colored pencils, and acrylic paints marketed to artists and educators.^[52]

Liquitex [edit]

Binney & Smith acquired the Liquitex corporation, a producer of fine art supply products, in 1964, but sold it to the Colart visitor in 2000.^[53]

Silly Scents [edit]

Lightheaded Scents is a line of scented crayons, markers, colored pencils, clay and pigment.

Staonal [edit]

Marketed as a general (non-coloring)-use crayon for industrial purposes, Staonal was adult in 1902 and nonetheless continues every bit of 2018^[update].

Scribble Scrubbie Pets [edit]

Scribble Scrubbie Pets are beast figurines that can be written on with washable markers. Diverse 'digital pets' are available using the Scribble Scrubbie Pets App.

Licensing [edit]

Numerous products, ranging from bath and personal intendance items to bedding and electronics, are produced by other companies using the Crayola brand name under license.^[54] Crave Entertainment developed a Crayola-themed video game, titled Crayola Treasure Adventures, which was published by Nintendo for Nintendo DS in 2007.^[55] Climax Studios developed another Crayola-themed video game, titled Crayola Scoot, which was published by Outright Games for Microsoft Windows, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, and Xbox I in 2018.^[56]

In 2021, Kellogg's and Crayola teamed up to create a fruit-flavored cereal with a coloring volume on the box. Kellogg's Crayola Jazzberry Cereal are rainbow-colored corn puffs, and the packet included access to a digital pet in the Scribble Scrubbie Pets App.^[57]

Christmas lights [edit]

In the 1996–1997 season, Crayola produced Christmas lights using its proper name with colors such as pink, orangish, blue, aureate, green, ruby-red, and more.^[58]

Manufacturing [edit]

Crayola has manufacturing plants in Forks Township, Pennsylvania; Bethlehem, Pennsylvania; Lindsay, Ontario; and Mexico City. The colored pencils are made past Faber-Castell in Brazilian plants.

References [edit]

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2. ^ "About Us - Crayola".
3. ^ "Visitor". Crayola.com. June 24, 2016. Retrieved Nov 19, 2016.
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5. ^ ^{a b} "Binney & Smith becomes Crayola LLC". binney-smith.com. Binney & Smith. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
6. ^ Sheila M. Dow (Dec 1998). Business concern Leader Profiles for Students. Detroit, Mich.: Gale Research. p. 89. ISBN978-0787629359.
7. ^ ^{a b c} Kathryn DeVan (Autumn 2008). "Crayola Colors Children'south Memories in 64 Shades and More". Pennsylvania State Academy. Archived from the original on July 27, 2009. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
8. ^ Catalogue of Exhibitors in the Usa Sections of the International Universal Exposition Paris, 1900. Paris: Société Anonyme des Imprimeries Lemercier. 1900. p. 425. Retrieved June 22, 2009. 1900 paris exposition binney smith.
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10. ^ The Official Gazette of the United States Patent Office. Vol. 105. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. July–August 1903. p. 968.
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14. ^ "Victorola". Online Etymology Dictionary . Retrieved Oct half-dozen, 2014.
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57. ^ Fitzpatrick, Caitlyn (December xx, 2020). "KELLOGG'S IS RELEASING A CRAYOLA CEREAL WITH A BOX THAT DOUBLES Equally A COLORING BOOK". Best. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Retrieved Feb 1, 2021.
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External links [edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Crayola.

• Official website
• Orangish: A Crayola raw materials data sheet from the 1970s Smithsonian Institution Libraries

steckerswee1941.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crayola

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